Technical debt stifling path to AI adoption

Outdated legacy technologies costing organizations the ability to innovate, money, time – and, potentially, even customers.

  • Tuesday, 3rd June 2025 Posted 5 months ago in by Phil Alsop

Technical debt and an over-reliance on outdated legacy systems and applications is blocking enterprise adoption of more innovative technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), according to new research from Pegasystems. The study, conducted with research firm Savanta, was unveiled at PegaWorld®, the company’s annual conference in Las Vegas. It surveyed more than 500 IT decision makers across enterprises worldwide on the challenges caused by technical debt and the progress in modernizing legacy technology.

The study found that two in three (68%) respondents say legacy systems and applications are preventing their organization from fully embracing more modern technologies. An overwhelming majority (88%) are also concerned about how their technical debt impacts their ability to keep pace with more agile, innovative competitors – with one in three (29%) indicating either ‘clear’ or ‘significant’ concern. More than half (57%) even acknowledge their reliance on legacy systems ‘likely’ or ‘highly likely’ causes customers to defect due to the resulting poor experiences.

Other findings from the research include:

Legacy dependency: Almost half (48%) say they can’t stop supporting their legacy applications – despite wanting to – because the systems are still business critical. Almost half (47%) say their oldest legacy application is between 11-20 years old, while more than one in ten (16%) run apps between 21-30 years old.

Legacy ineffectiveness: Two thirds (68%) of respondents say legacy systems are preventing their organization from operating as effectively as possible, citing time spent on maintenance (44%), the siloed nature of disconnected systems, and the cost of maintenance (both 37%) as the leading contributing factors. Just 7% feel legacy applications caused no problems for their business whatsoever.

The customer does not always come first: Three quarters (74%) of respondents agree their business prioritizes investments that improve profitability instead of ways to improve customer experience, such as technologies to help modernize legacy applications. This echoes research conducted by Pega earlier this year among consumers, 69% of whom felt businesses were prioritizing profits over positive customer experiences in their IT investments. It could also help explain why one in three (32%) say the average resolution time to customer queries has increased between 26-50% in the last 12 months – a direct result of staff running multiple or outdated legacy applications.

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